Category: Defense of Public Officers
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What If I Don’t File a Counter-Affidavit in the Philippines?
“What if I don’t file a counter-affidavit” is what people ask after they receive a complaint and a subpoena. There is a deadline, usually around ten days. During that time, a written reply is expected. That reply is the counter-affidavit. If nothing is filed, the prosecutor still continues. He reads the complaint. He evaluates the…
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Understanding Criminal Intent in Law
When people think of crime, they usually focus on what was done — the act itself. But in law, it’s not just about the act. What matters just as much, if not more, is the mind behind the act. In legal terms, this is called criminal intent, or mens rea. Criminal intent is essentially the…
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Does Civil Liability Continue After Acquittal in a Criminal Case in the Philippines? What You Need to Know
In a criminal case in the Philippines, an acquittal does not always mean that all legal responsibility ends. One of the most common misconceptions is that a “not guilty” decision automatically removes all liability. However, Philippine law treats criminal liability and civil liability as separate matters. This means that even after an acquittal in a…
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How to Get Bail in the Philippines (Step-by-Step Process To Get Released Fast)
Understanding bail in the Philippines is essential if you or a loved one is facing arrest or detention. Being arrested—or having a loved one detained—is overwhelming. The first question that usually comes up is simple: “How do we get out?” In many cases, the answer is bail. Bail allows a person in custody to be…
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How to Prepare a Counter-Affidavit in the Philippines (After Receiving a Subpoena)
If you’ve received a subpoena in the Philippines, you may be required to submit a counter-affidavit. But what does it actually mean, and why is it important? What is a Counter-Affidavit? A counter-affidavit is a sworn statement made in response to an allegation or complaint. It’s not just a casual letter or explanation; it’s a…
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How to Help Your Lawyer Win Your Legal Case in the Philippines
Introduction If you are currently dealing with a legal case in the Philippines, it also helps to understand where your case fits in the overall process. 👉 See our guide on Stages of Criminal Proceeding in the Philippines to understand how a case develops from complaint to trial. Why this Matters to You This is…